by Ali S Alharth, Musaad A Alsuliman, Abo Baker I Alshomrani and Waleed A Alyami
Original Research
The tumour microenvironment plays a crucial role in the development of breast cancer. Tenascin-C (TNC), a matricellular protein and its high molecular weight (MW) isoforms have been shown to be over-expressed in the stroma of breast cancers and are associated with poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of TNC knockdown in TNC expressing invasive breast cancer cell lines on cancer cell behaviour. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting different exons in TNC (24, 14 and 14-AD1) were designed, synthesised and transfected into the highly invasive MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line. The phenotypic alterations caused by TNC knockdown were analysed by Two Dimension (2D) invasion assays and proliferation assays using the mitotic marker Phispho-Histone H3 (pHH3). The siRNA targeted cells showed significant down-regulation of both total TNC (p <0.001) and high MW isoforms (p <0.001) in MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, knockdown of total TNC and high MW TNC isoforms significantly decreased both cell invasion (total TNC p<0.001 and TNC-14 p <0.001) and proliferation (total TNC p <0.001 and TNC-AD1 p <0.05). In conclusion, TNC knockdown significantly decreases proliferation and invasion in breast cancer cell lines, confirming its importance in breast cancer progression.
American Journal of Medical and Biological Research. 2021, 9(1), 16-22. DOI: 10.12691/ajmbr-9-1-4
Pub. Date: November 06, 2021
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by Md. Moniruzzaman Mollah, Ashik Mosaddik, Asgor Hossain, Sultana Naznin, Andrew Asim Roy, Md. ShukurAli, Parvez Hassan and Md. Ashraful Islam
Original Research
Introduction: Anemia is a substantial public health problem that happens worldwide with higher prevalence noted in children less than 5 years and rural children. The studywas aimed to explore the keypredictors of anemia of study population in rural setting of Bangladesh. Methodology & Materials: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural Bangladesh from 1 July 2018 to December 2019. Under-five children aged six months to below sixty months were enrolled in the study. Data were collected through face-to-face interview from attending primary caregiver and from the results of laboratory tests of blood sample from target children. Data were analyzed through SPSS 23 software. Initially univariate analysis was done to identify predictors of anaemia followed by multivariate analysis to explore the key predictors through logistic regression. Results: A total data of258 under-five children aged 6-59 month were included in this study from the rural areas of Bangladesh. Among the studied children overall prevalence of anaemia was found 61.8%. The significant predictors (p <0.05) of anaemia through univariate analysis are age, maternal education level, monthly family income, exclusive breast feeding, proper complementary feeding practice as well as regular consumption of animal protein, fruits and vegetables. In addition, children who were under-weight stunted and wasted. Through multivariate analysis the key factors were explored as age group 6-24 month (AOR=0.02; p=0.006), family income less than 10000 BDT group-i.e 5000BDT or below (AOR=0.27;p=0.01) and 5001- 10000 BDT (AOR=8.84; 0.02), early and late weaning practiced children (AOR=0.23;p=0.002), low consumption of animal protein (AOR=0.05; p=0.001), and vegetables (AOR=0.18; p<0.001), stunting (AOR=0.18;p<0.001), wasting (AOR=0.14; p=0.03) and children who have chronic or recent infection (AOR=0.33; p=0.008). Conclusion: The keypredictors of anaemia are explored in this study are age below 2 year, family income less than 10000 BDT (in 2018 AD) or below, early and late weaning practice, low consumption of animal protein and vegetables, chronic malnutrition, acute malnutrition and chronic or recent infection. Rising mass awareness among the caregiver group on child care, nutrition and special focus to the children below age of two years will be the key strategies to prevent and control this extensive public health problem in Bangladesh.
American Journal of Medical and Biological Research. 2021, 9(1), 10-15. DOI: 10.12691/ajmbr-9-1-3
Pub. Date: October 12, 2021
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by Amit Kumar Pramanik, Shihab Md. Rezoyanur Rahman, Kaniz Fatema, Mohammad Monzurul Alam Bhuiyan, Sheuly Ferdoushi, Mst. Shaila Yesmin, Md. Saiful Islam, Md. Quddusur Rahman, Shaikh Nafia Sultana and Debatosh Paul
Original Research
Historically, High level of serum testosterone was thought to have deleterious effect on cardiovascular system. In the last few years, studies have suggested that low testosterone levels are associated with increase prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to determine the relationship between free testosterone level and the angiographic severity of coronary artery disease in young adult male patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of Laboratory Medicine in collaboration with Department of Cardiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) and National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Dhaka, Bangladesh from March, 2020 to February, 2021. Total 110 subjects from inpatient Department of Cardiology were enrolled, 60 were CAD patients and 50 were Normal Coronaries according to coronary angiography report. Serum level of free testosterone was significantly lower in CAD group than Normal coronaries (4.74±2.10 vs 9.36±3.69 pg/ml, p=0.001). There were significant negative correlation between free testosterone with Gensini score (r= -0.739, p=0.001). Low level of free testosterone was negatively correlated with CAD and its severity in young adult male.
American Journal of Medical and Biological Research. 2021, 9(1), 5-9. DOI: 10.12691/ajmbr-9-1-2
Pub. Date: September 13, 2021
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by Sheikh Forhad, Erfanul Huq Siddiqui, Md. Shamsul Alam, Anjumun Ara and Jannat Sultana
Original Research
Background: Osteoarthritis is one of the leading causes of disability. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is known as autologous conditioned plasma is a concentrate of platelet-rich plasma protein derived from whole blood, centrifuged to remove red blood cells. Now it is used in treating OA. We have very few data regarding this issue. The aim of this study was to assess the role of platelet-rich plasma in osteoarthritis of knee-joint. Materials and methods: This was a prospective observational study which was conducted at the Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2018 to December 2018. In total 89 patients, diagnosed with grade I and II arthritis were included in this study as the study population. To all the participants three PRP injections were injected in the knees at 4-week interval. Patients were followed up and were assessed for pain and physical activity associated with arthritis using the Western Ontario and McMaster University Arthritis Index (WOMAC) score at the time of induction in the study and at 6 months interval. Results: The mean (±SD) WOMAC score of the participants was 82.94 (±5.12) at the baseline whereas it was found 37.87 (±4.73) at the follow up period after 6 months. After 6 months the mean (±SD) WOMAC score of male participants was found 36.93 (±5.71) and it was found 38.87 (±5.39) among female participants. This difference was statistically significant (P=0.021). Besides this, after 6 months the mean (±SD) WOMAC score of Kellgren–Lawrence grade-1 participants was 37.68 (±5.44) and it was found 40.13 (±5.01) among Kellgren–Lawrence grade-2 participants. This difference was statistically significant (P=0.002). Moreover, after 6 months the mean (±SD) WOMAC score of participants with ≤2 years duration of symptoms was 37.95 (±5.37) and it was found 41.66 (±4.28) among participants with >2 years duration of symptoms. This difference was extremely statistically significant. Conclusions: The proper sequential use of PRP injection for the treatment of osteoarthritis of knee-joint proved to be effective in our study. We recommend its wide use in the treatment of osteoarthritis of knee-joint.
American Journal of Medical and Biological Research. 2021, 9(1), 1-4. DOI: 10.12691/ajmbr-9-1-1
Pub. Date: May 05, 2021
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