by Lydie Boyvin, Zazou Ange Kevin Zokoré, Aya Jeanne Armande Aké, Yao Nestor N’Guessan, Kipré Laurent Séri, Adou Francis Yapo and Allico Joseph Djaman
Original Research
Diabetes, the leading cause of high blood glucose, is a pandemic disease with serious complications (paralyzing, deadly) despite the available diabetes treatment. C -Peptide, is generally secreted in amounts equal to insulin in the blood, is a reliable marker of insulin function and production in diabetics patients under insulin therapy. In Côte d’Ivoire, the prevalence of diabetes is 2.3% (2015) and no study has been conducted so far on the C-peptide to evaluate the actual proportion of insulin in high blood glucose. This is a prospective study based on cases-controls conducted on a cohort of 60 patients and 30 controls from the period of November 2015 to February 2016 .The study involved only adult patients’ with hyperglycemia blood samples on one hand and those assumed diabetics on insulin therapy. Pregnant women and children were not included. Analysis of C-peptide was performed on the sera from blood samples collected. Using ELISA kit chain PR 4100 by Bio-rad. The results show that the mean value of the C- peptide is normal with no significant difference in patients with hyperglycemia (P = 0.1343). However, the difference is significant in diabetics patients on insulin therapy (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, the determination of C-peptide level allowed knowing the amount of insulin secreted by the pancreas. It would be better, with the persistence situation of hyperglycemia, to evaluate the concentration level of C-peptide before commencement of any diabetes treatment exogenous insulin in particular.
American Journal of Medical and Biological Research. 2018, 6(1), 16-20. DOI: 10.12691/ajmbr-6-1-4
Pub. Date: April 17, 2018
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by Salah Mohamed El Sayed
Review Article
Cancer cure is still a big challenge despite intensive conventional treatment. Unfortunately, many unsolved problems e.g. metastasis and drug resistance still exist. Better understanding of cancer biology to identify important differences between cancer cells and normal cells seems vital to improve cancer treatment. Tumors depend on glycolysis for energy production, exhibit Warburg effect, establish aggressive microenvironment, have low antioxidant systems and are under high steady-state ROS conditions. Normal cells differ in all of that. Lactate produced through Warburg effect maintains the high steady-state ROS condition in cancer cells and helps cancer cells to metastasize and establish their hostile microenvironment. Cancer cells seem sensitive to oxidative stress therapy using ROS generating chemotherapy e.g. 3-bromopyruvate (3BP). 3BP is a powerful antiglycolytic that may be more promising as a potent anticancer if it is conjugated with polyethylene glycol (PEG). Targeting glycolysis in cancer cells seems promising in decreasing their survival and metastasis. Glycolysis double inhibition by combination of multiple antiglycolytics e.g. 3BP with citrate was synergistic in cancer treatment. Being analog to pyruvate and lactate, 3BP antagonized Warburg effect, antagonized effects of pyruvate and lactate, improved sensitivity of chemoresistant cancer cells and targeted cancer cell survival, migration and metastasis. In this review, I discuss 3BP-induced oxidative stress and ATP depletion as a promising treatment modality for cancer.
American Journal of Medical and Biological Research. 2018, 6(1), 11-15. DOI: 10.12691/ajmbr-6-1-3
Pub. Date: March 21, 2018
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by Eko E Surachmanto, Mochammad Hatta, Andi Asadul Islam and Syarifuddin Wahid
Original Research
Introduction:Asthma is a chronic reversible inflammation which is caused by bronchialhypereactivity due to exposure to allergen and hyperproduction of certain specific IgE. Neutrophil in respiratory tract and high level of IgE in the blood serum is known to play in complex mechanism in asthma development. The role of total IgE serum and neutrophil serum in asthma development is still not well known. Aim: This study aim is to assess the correlation between level of total IgE and neutrophil serum with degree of asthma control. Methods: This is a cross sectional study with 35 adult subjects with atophy asthma (age 22-61), all of participant reside in Manado and its surrounding area. Degree of asthma control is categorized as intermittent, mild persistent, moderate persistent and severe persistent based on criteria by GINA. Patient with malignancy, sepsis, lung tuberculosis, diabetes mellitus, pregnant, and late stage chronic kidney disease are excluded from this study. Result: In this study there is no significant correlation between total IgE serum level and degree of asthma control (p>0.05.) also there is no significant correlation between each total IgE level and each degree of asthma control. There is significant positive correlation between neutrophil count and degree of asthma control (r = 0.309; p<0.05). The higher neutrophil count is higher in mild persistent asthma in comparison with intermittent asthma is found to be significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: The neutrophil count in serum is related to degree of asthma control.Especially neutrophil count in mild persistent is higher than intermittent asthma. There is no correlation between total IgE level with degree of asthma control in adult subject with atopic asthma.
American Journal of Medical and Biological Research. 2018, 6(1), 7-10. DOI: 10.12691/ajmbr-6-1-2
Pub. Date: March 16, 2018
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by Wala M Amin
Original Research
This investigation deals with descriptively examining the mandibular rami of young Jordanian adults for the presence or the lack of it of a flexure at the posterior border of a ramus; and evaluating the role of ramus flexure in sex identification. Three-dimensional (3D) rendered Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images of a normative sample comprising 270 images were selected, of which 147 belonged to male patients and 123 images to females. Strict exclusion criteria were applied in selecting images. Each image was examined for the presence of a flexure on the posterior border of the ramus, which was carefully delineated and the occlusal plane marked, guided by the height of cusp tips of the mandibular molars. The results indicated that the ramus flexure method of sex prediction was more accurately diagnostic for females (85.1%), than for males (78.9%); this gave rise to an overall diagnostic accuracy of 82.2% which is below the reported 90.6-99.0% by Loth & Henneberg. Our results, however, agreed with the reported findings of other researchers. In conclusion, ramus flexure provides an acceptable predictive accuracy and could be considered as a supplementary rather than a definitive mean of sex determination.
American Journal of Medical and Biological Research. 2018, 6(1), 1-6. DOI: 10.12691/ajmbr-6-1-1
Pub. Date: February 08, 2018
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