by Nassar A. A. Omar, Momen Elshazley, Salah M. El Sayed, Amal N. A. Al- lithy and Manal Mohamed Helmy Nabo
Original Research
Assessing nutritional status using body mass index (BMI) measurements and body compositions evaluation could be simple clinical reliable tools and indicators of adolescent health. On the other hand, hypertension becomes a serious public health problem affecting both children and adolescents. This study aimed at evaluating the association of body composition alterations and development of blood pressure changes among adolescents in Taif governorate, Saudi Arabia. A cross sectional survey design was adopted in which 701 children (aged 12-15) years in Taif city were drawn and randomly selected from the preparatory schools. Measurement of systolic/diastolic blood pressure and comprehensive assessment of anthropometric parameters were done for all participants including weight, height, waist and hip circumferences in addition to triceps, biceps, subscapular and supra-iliac skinfold thickness. Body mass index (BMI), percentage body fat, waist: hip, total body fat and lean body mass were also calculated. In our study, 29.8% of participants were underweight, 9.8% were overweight, 4% were obese and 56.3% showed normal BMI. 6.7% of the participants suffered from hypotension while 6.1% had hypertension. Interestingly, BMI was significantly associated with a greater prevalence of hypertension (normal weight 1.91%, overweight 2.90%, and obesity 10 %). In conclusion, our study sheds the light on the importance of using BMI and anthropometric measures in evaluating the unhealthy weight status of adolescent school students as early predictors of hypertension development. Saudi Anthropometric measurements are comparable to international standards. The future life style changes (sedentary life vs. exercise and food type) impact the development of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome in the Saudi society.
American Journal of Medical and Biological Research. 2017, 5(2), 31-37. DOI: 10.12691/ajmbr-5-2-4
Pub. Date: December 25, 2017
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by WeiChih Hu, Hsuan-Ming Tsao, Jian Xiang Zhi, Harmon Chris T. Herman, Lemmuel L. Tayo, Yashbir Singh, Kathiravan S, João Manuel R.S. Tavares and Chandan Chakraborty
Original Research
Arterial stiffness has been proven to be one of the most promising diagnostic and prognostic features of many cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Arterial compliance (AC) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) allows a good quantitative assessment of arterial stiffness. To estimate pulmonary Arterial Compliance and Pulse Wave Velocity in Cerebral-Cardiovascular Patients using 64-Row Multi-Detector Computed Tomography Cardiac Images. Here in this work, we have used an in house developed three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm that extracts high-resolution cardiac Computer Tomography images in Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) format from nine subjects. The subjects consist four patients with stroke (SR) turned to atrial fibrillation (AF) and five patients with both SR and AF. The calculation showed strok volume of Left and Right Ventricles, which are near equal to 62.56±12.61 ml and 65.95±13.13 ml, respectively, with a good positive correlation (R = 0.717, p < 0.0001) while pulse wave velocity and arterial compliance are calculated to be 0.21±0.0665 m/s and 0.09 ± 0.0547 ml/mmHg for patients with SR turned AF, 0.15±0.0502 m/s and 0.10 ± 0.0438 for the SR and AF patients. We concluded that the derived methodology for calculation of PWV and AC from 3D cardiac CT images could be used as an index in the evaluation of arterial stiffness.
American Journal of Medical and Biological Research. 2017, 5(2), 23-30. DOI: 10.12691/ajmbr-5-2-3
Pub. Date: November 22, 2017
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by Eko Prasetyo, Andi Asadul Islam, Mochammad Hatta, Djoko Widodo and Ilhamjaya Pattelongi
Original Research
We recently investigated the effect of the mild hypothermia therapy towards alteration of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and outcome of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). The neurologic outcome was assessed by applying with GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) score. Twenty patients with severe TBI whose the GCS score ≤ 8 between June 2015 and June 2016 were enrolled in RD Kandou Hospital, Manado, Indonesia. Patients were randomized into two groups, with and without the mild hypothermia therapy (34-36°C) which was investigated within 24 and 72 h. The MMP-9 level was estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The assessments of outcomes were determined using the GCS score within 24 and 72 h during the mild hypothermia therapy. Our results showed that the level of serum MMP-9 was decreased significantly within 72 h in the mild hypothermia therapy group. The effects of the mild hypothermia therapy toward to the GCS score alteration were noticeable increased and differences were significant in the two groups within 72 h. We concluded that the mild hypothermia therapy diminished MMP-9 protein level and improvement of the GCS score in severe TBI patients within 72 h.
American Journal of Medical and Biological Research. 2017, 5(2), 18-22. DOI: 10.12691/ajmbr-5-2-2
Pub. Date: September 09, 2017
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by Dwi Pantja Wibowo, Suryani As’ad, Fransiscus Suhadi, I Wayan Suranadi, Ilhamjaya Patellongi, Irawan Yusuf, Mohammad Ramli Ahmad, Syafrie Kamsul Arif and Andi Husni Tanra
Original Research
Sepsis is one of the major health problems with very high costs, a number of patients who survived sepsis developed long-term complications such as persistent pain. Studies found correlation of persistent pain and PGE2 level. Aims of this study were to investigate the changes in the prostaglandin E2 levels from patients with systemic inflammatory responses syndrome (SIRS) that affect pain intensity changes with the marked increase of critical-care pain observation tools (CPOT) and decreased of the pain pressure threshold (PPT). A cross-sectional analysis to compare the values of PGE2, CPOT, and PGE2 of SIRS patients and patients without SIRS. Of the 46 patients who were the subjects of the study, there were 21 SIRS patients and 25 patients, not SIRS. Patients with SIRS had higher CPOT values and PGE2 levels than patients without SIRS; CPOT values (3.3 vs. 1.2)) and PGE2 levels (6195.81 vs. 2728.67). The PPT scores of patients with SIRS were lower than those without SIRS (4.24 vs. 7.37). The CPOT was significantly correlated (p <0.05) with PGE2 (r = -0.624). We conclude that in SIRS patients there is an increase PGE2, which in turn leads to decreased pain threshold (PPT) and increased pain score (CPOT).
American Journal of Medical and Biological Research. 2017, 5(2), 13-17. DOI: 10.12691/ajmbr-5-2-1
Pub. Date: July 20, 2017
10105 Views2948 Downloads3 Likes